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ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is ''Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes''. It defines three sets of country codes:〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=ISO 3166 – FAQs – General questions )〕 * ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 – two-letter country codes which are the most widely used of the three, and used most prominently for the Internet's country code top-level domains (with a few exceptions). * ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 – three-letter country codes which allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the alpha-2 codes. * ISO 3166-1 numeric – three-digit country codes which are identical to those developed and maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division, with the advantage of script (writing system) independence, and hence useful for people or systems using non-Latin scripts. The alphabetic country codes were first included in ISO 3166 in 1974, and the numeric country codes were first included in 1981. The country codes have been published as ISO 3166-1 since 1997, when ISO 3166 was expanded into three parts, with ISO 3166-2 defining codes for subdivisions and ISO 3166-3 defining codes for former countries.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Development of ISO 3166 )〕 As a widely used international standard, ISO 3166-1 is implemented in other standards and used by international organizations〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Implementation of ISO 3166-1 )〕 to allow facilitation of the exchange of goods and information.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=You and ISO 3166 )〕 However, it is not the only standard for country codes. Other country codes used by many international organizations are partly or totally incompatible with ISO 3166-1,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Links )〕 although some of them closely correspond to ISO 3166-1 codes. ==Criteria for inclusion== Currently 249 countries, territories, or areas of geographical interest are assigned official codes in ISO 3166-1. According to the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA), the only way to enter a new country name into ISO 3166-1 is to have it registered in one of the following two sources:〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=ISO 3166-1 and ccTLDs )〕 * United Nations Terminology Bulletin ''Country Names'', or * ''Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use'' of the UN Statistics Division. To be listed in the bulletin ''Country Names'', a country must be at least one of the following:〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Qualifying top-level domain strings: Eligible categories of top-level domains )〕 * A member state of the United Nations * A member of one of its specialized agencies * A party to the ''Statute of the International Court of Justice'' The list of names in ''Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use'' of the UN Statistics Division is based on the bulletin ''Country Names'' and other UN sources. Once a country name or territory name appears in either of these two sources, it will be added to ISO 3166-1 by default. The ISO 3166/MA may reserve code elements for other entities that do not qualify for inclusion based on the above criteria. For example, because the European Union is not a country, it is not formally included in ISO 3166-1, but for practical reasons, the ISO 3166/MA has "reserved the two-letter combination for the purpose of identifying the European Union within the framework of ISO 3166-1". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ISO 3166-1」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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